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English   Mercedes O 405
16.08.2009 von admin


Numerous new developments shared the limelight at the 1996 International Commercial Vehicle Show in Hanover. At a mature age, the O 405 the gradually was developing into a large family. There was the O 405 NÜL, a long, two-axle version of the low-floor rural-service bus, with two axles and a length of 13.4 meters. It showed what was possible, anticipating future permissible dimensions. A step in the opposite direction was the short urban bus O 405 NK: at 10.4 meters overall length it could be classed as a midi. And it already could be had with a natural gas-fired engine. For buses which operate on biodiesel, Mercedes-Benz made 500 oxidation catalysts available as part of a large-scale test. A combination bus for rural service and excursion work supplemented the O 405/407 family and took the place of the rather stern looking O 408: The O 550 Integro was the first new bus from the still young EvoBus combine. And it was the first bus from Mercedes-Benz that bore a name.


Mercedes-Benz O 550 - Integro

The fuel cell premieres in the regular-service bus

In 1997 the new developments continued to appear in quick succession. NEBUS was the name of a Mercedes-Benz O 405 with a novel type of drive system: it was the world’s first fuel cell-powered bus suited for regular service. It pointed new ways to an environmentally friendly future. The NEBUS emitted no exhaust gases; only water issued from the exhaust pipe. NEBUS stands for “New Electric Bus,” but could also mean “No Emission Bus.” The fuel of the revolutionary vehicle was hydrogen which was stored in cylinders on the roof, the same as in the gas buses. The rear end of the bus accommodated ten fuel cell stacks, each with a power output of 25 kW. In an electrochemical reaction they converted hydrogen into electricity, which in turn drove the wheel hub motors. The new bus was extremely quiet in operation; acceleration was very dynamic. The local exhaust emissions consisted exclusively of harmless water vapor.

NEBUS was both climax and end of the development of the O 405, whose exceedingly successful career gradually was coming to a close after more than a dozen years. Born as a second-generation standard bus, the O 405 had gone through an almost incredible evolution: it embarked upon a second career as a low-floor bus, and in the process even surpassed the initially planned S 80 for passenger friendliness. Numerous variants grew out of its original specifications book; with different drive systems, including even the fuel cell, it pointed a way far into the future.


Mercedes-Benz O 405 – NEBUS (New Electric Bus)

The great success of the O 405 can best be measured in figures: around 12,000 solo buses, more than 3700 articulated buses, about 5000 rural-service units including the O 407 and O 408 add up to the impressive figure of 20,488 regular-service buses from a single family. With that the O 405 set a tremendously high standard by which its successor would be measured. But the successor stands a chance of outdoing even the O 405, for in the Citaro, in 1997 Mercedes-Benz presented a revolutionary concept for regular-service buses.


Photos:
Daimler AG
Omnibusarchiv

Text:
Daimler AG


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