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English   Alternative drive systems in Buses of Daimler AG – Part I
23.12.2008 von admin


“In the course of almost two years of testing, it turned out that the principle of electric direct drive, which is used exclusively in rail operation, is also suitable for the dual-powered bus and affords great advantages,” the manufacturer’s final technical report summed up in 1986: “Following the anticipated teething problems and their elimination, the vehicles prove very reliable.” As sole drawback the report cites a 15 to 20 percent higher original price, which could not be reduced any further owing to the double drive.


Emission-free route: The series production duo bus, here's a copy from the year 1993, has a pure electric drive with dual energy source. The Power comes from either a sub-floor battery or arrived via trolley into the vehicle ( "O Bus"). This brings flexibility away from the cable network.

In the meantime, the O 405, the standard regular service bus of the second generation, had gone into large-scale production and now also constituted the basis for the production of the dual-powered buses. The O 405 GTD adopted the 250 or 300 hp six-cylinder OM 447 hA/hLA from the diesel production vehicles. Initially 18 went to Essen starting in 1986, where they operated on two O-Bahn track-guided busways at speeds of up to 75 km/h and partly used a route together with streetcars. Esslingen initially received seven O 405 GTD dual-powered buses in 1988; by 1995 the total came to 18.

At the same time the dual-powered articulated buses began to go underground in Essen, into the subway system. For this purpose, several units were even fitted with doors on both sides so that they could use intermediate and side platforms. This, of course, was not the only change required to take it up with subway trains in tunnels: in contrast to the rail-bound subway train the trolleybus needs a double overhead cable. The question of the switches had to be cleared up. The safety system had to be reassessed. And in the long run the gravel bed was not up to handling bus operation. Finally, after seven years Essen terminated tunnel operation in 1995.

In addition to the dual-powered articulated buses, Daimler-Benz also manufactured 100 pure trolleybuses of type O 405 GTZ for Switzerland. The “Z” refers to Zurich, where most of the vehicles saw use. By contrast, the O 405 GNTD which was manufactured in 1995 and also went to Zurich remained a unique specimen.


Mercedes-Benz O 405 GTZ


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